For energy conservation with Diffuse and SSS, you must have Diffuse + SSS <= 1

With Specular, it depends on whether or not Fresnel is enabled:

• If Fresnel is off, then you must have SSS + specular + diffuse <= 1
• If Fresnel is on, then you must only have diffuse + SSS <= 1. The shader will mix specular with diffuse and SSS in a way that’s energy conserving.

Ok, that’s the simple case (without diffuse backlighting and refraction). Now let’s add diffuse backlighting and refraction:

For energy conservation with Diffuse and SSS, you must have Diffuse + SSS + backlighting <= 1

With Specular, it depends on whether or not Fresnel is enabled: